Action movement Archives - Inscopix, Inc.

Distinct lateral hypothalamic CaMKIIα neuronal populations regulate wakefulness and locomotor activity

Jaime E. Heiss et al.
PNAS | April 9, 2024
For nearly a century, evidence has accumulated indicating that the lateral hypothalamus (LH) contains neurons essential to sustain wakefulness. While lesion or inactivation of LH neurons produces a profound increase in...

Dopamine neuron activity encodes the length of upcoming contralateral movement sequences

Marcelo D. Mendonça et al.
Current Biology | February 19, 2024
Dopaminergic neurons (DANs) in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) have been related to movement speed, and loss of these neurons leads to bradykinesia in Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, other aspects of...

Basal ganglia–spinal cord pathway that commands locomotor gait asymmetries in mice

Jared M. Cregg et al.
Nature Neuroscience | February 12, 2024
The basal ganglia are essential for executing motor actions. How the basal ganglia engage spinal motor networks has remained elusive. Medullary Chx10 gigantocellular (Gi) neurons are required for turning gait programs,...

Motor cortex somatostatin interneurons adaptively shape the structure of motor sequences

Jeong Oen Lee et al.
bioRxiv | November 29, 2023
The brain can flexibly reorganize motor sequence, or program, execution to efficiently reach positive outcomes. These behavioral adaptations are primarily driven by reinforcement learning, leading to structural and...

Emergence of task-related spatiotemporal population dynamics in transplanted neurons

Harman Ghuman et al.
Nature Communications | November 11, 2023
Loss of nervous system tissue after severe brain injury is a main determinant of poor functional recovery. Cell transplantation is a promising method to restore lost tissue and function, yet it remains unclear if...

Disruption of hippocampal neuronal circuit function depends upon behavioral state in the APP/PS1 mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease

Heng Zhou et al.
Scientific Reports | December 6, 2022
The Alzheimer’s disease-associated peptide amyloid-beta (Aβ) has been associated with neuronal hyperactivity under anesthesia, but clinical trials of anticonvulsants or neural system suppressors have, so far,...

Deconstruction of Vermal Cerebellum in Ramp Locomotion in Mice

Chenfei Lyu et al.
Advanced Science | November 14, 2022
The cerebellum is involved in encoding balance, posture, speed, and gravity during locomotion. However, most studies are carried out on flat surfaces, and little is known about cerebellar activity during free ambulation...

Targeted activation of midbrain neurons restores locomotor function in mouse models of parkinsonism

Débora Masini et al.
Nature Communications | January 26, 2022
The pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) is a locomotor command area containing glutamatergic neurons that control locomotor initiation and maintenance. These motor actions are deficient in Parkinson’s disease (PD), where...

A versatile computational algorithm for time-series data analysis and machine-learning models

Taylor Chomiak et al.
npj Parkinson's Disease | November 9, 2021
Here we introduce Local Topological Recurrence Analysis (LoTRA), a simple computational approach for analyzing time-series data. Its versatility is elucidated using simulated data, Parkinsonian gait, and in vivo brain...

Olfactory landmarks and path integration converge to form a cognitive spatial map

Walter Fischler-Ruiz et al.
Neuron | October 27, 2021
The convergence of internal path integration and external sensory landmarks generates a cognitive spatial map in the hippocampus. We studied how localized odor cues are recognized as landmarks by recording the activity...

Dentate granule cells encode auditory decisions after reinforcement learning in rats

Jia Shen et al.
Scientific Reports | July 13, 2021
Auditory-cued goal-oriented behaviors requires the participation of cortical and subcortical brain areas, but how neural circuits associate sensory-based decisions with goal locations through learning remains poorly...

Deep imaging in the brainstem reveals functional heterogeneity in V2a neurons controlling locomotion

Joanna Schwenkgrub et al.
Science Advances | December 4, 2020
V2a neurons are a genetically defined cell class that forms a major excitatory descending pathway from the brainstem reticular formation to the spinal cord. Their activation has been linked to the termination of...

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