Hypothalamus Archives - Page 2 of 3

Nested calcium dynamics support daily cell unity and diversity in the suprachiasmatic nuclei of free-behaving mice

Lama El Cheikh Hussein et al.
PNAS Nexus | July 11, 2022
The suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) of the anterior hypothalamus host the circadian pacemaker that synchronizes mammalian rhythms with the day-night cycle. SCN neurons are intrinsically rhythmic, thanks to a conserved...

In vivo imaging of the GnRH pulse generator reveals a temporal order of neuronal activation and synchronization during each pulse

Aleisha M. Moore et al.
PNAS | February 8, 2022
A hypothalamic pulse generator located in the arcuate nucleus controls episodic release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) and is essential for reproduction. Recent evidence suggests...

A versatile computational algorithm for time-series data analysis and machine-learning models

Taylor Chomiak et al.
npj Parkinson's Disease | November 9, 2021
Here we introduce Local Topological Recurrence Analysis (LoTRA), a simple computational approach for analyzing time-series data. Its versatility is elucidated using simulated data, Parkinsonian gait, and in vivo brain...

The melanocortin-3 receptor is a pharmacological target for the regulation of anorexia

Patrick Sweeney et al.
Science Translational Medicine | April 21, 2021
The eating disorder anorexia nervosa is potentially fatal but also poorly understood. Sweeney et al. now show that AgRP (Agouti-related protein)–expressing neurons, previously linked to anorexic feeding behavior,...

Network dynamics of hypothalamic feeding neurons

Patrick Sweeney et al.
PNAS | April 6, 2021
Paraventricular nucleus (PVN) neurons expressing the melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) integrate hormonal and neuronal information concerning energy availability and engage neural circuitry controlling feeding, metabolism,...

Distinct hypothalamic control of same- and opposite-sex mounting behaviour in mice

Tomomi Karigo et al.
Nature | December 2, 2020
Animal behaviours that are superficially similar can express different intents in different contexts, but how this flexibility is achieved at the level of neural circuits is not understood. For example, males of many...

Stimulus-specific hypothalamic encoding of a persistent defensive state

Ann Kennedy et al.
Nature | September 16, 2020
Persistent neural activity in cortical, hippocampal, and motor networks has been described as mediating working memory for transiently encountered stimuli. Internal emotional states, such as fear, also persist following...

REM sleep stabilizes hypothalamic representation of feeding behavior

Lukas T. Oesch et al.
PNAS | July 30, 2020
During rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, behavioral unresponsiveness contrasts strongly with intense brain-wide neural network dynamics. Yet, the physiological functions of this cellular activation remain unclear. Using...

Role of spontaneous and sensory orexin network dynamics in rapid locomotion initiation

Mahesh M. Karnani et al.
Progress In Neurotechnology | February 11, 2020
Appropriate motor control is critical for normal life, and requires hypothalamic hypocretin/orexin neurons (HONs). HONs are slowly regulated by nutrients, but also display rapid (subsecond) activity fluctuations in...

REM sleep–active MCH neurons are involved in forgetting hippocampus-dependent memories

Shuntaro Izawa et al.
Science | September 20, 2019
The neural mechanisms underlying memory regulation during sleep are not yet fully understood. We found that melanin concentrating hormone–producing neurons (MCH neurons) in the hypothalamus actively contribute to...

Dynamic network activation of hypothalamic MCH neurons in REM sleep and exploratory behavior

Carlos Blanco-Centurion et al.
J Neuroscience | April 29, 2019
Most brain neurons are active in waking, but hypothalamic neurons that synthesize the neuropeptide melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) are claimed to be active only during sleep, particularly REM sleep. Here we use...

A gut-to-brain signal of fluid osmolarity controls thirst satiation

Christopher A. Zimmerman et al.
Nature | March 27, 2019
Satiation is the process by which eating and drinking reduce appetite. For thirst, oropharyngeal cues have a critical role in driving satiation by reporting to the brain the volume of fluid that has been...

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Publication Category: Hypothalamus