System Archives - Inscopix, Inc.

Long-term optical imaging of the spinal cord in awake behaving mice

Biafra Ahanonu et al.
Nature Methods | November 12, 2024
Advances in optical imaging and fluorescent biosensors enable study of the spatiotemporal and long-term neural dynamics in the brain of awake animals. However, methodological difficulties and fibrosis limit similar...

Parabrachial Calca neurons mediate second-order conditioning

Sekun Park et al.
Nature Communications | November 9, 2024
Learning to associate cues, both directly and indirectly, with biologically significant events is essential for survival. Second-order conditioning (SOC) involves forming an association between a previously reinforced...

The hippocampal CA2 region discriminates social threat from social safety

Pegah Kassraian et al.
Nature Neuroscience | October 15, 2024
The dorsal cornu ammonis 2 (dCA2) region of the hippocampus enables the discrimination of novel from familiar conspecifics. However, the neural bases for more complex social–spatial episodic memories are unknown. Here...

Heterogeneous plasticity of amygdala interneurons in associative learning and extinction

Natalia Favila et al.
bioRxiv | September 29, 2024
Neural circuits undergo experience-dependent plasticity to form long-lasting memories. Excitatory projection neurons are considered to be the primary neuronal substrate for memory acquisition and storage. However,...

Dopamine-mediated formation of a memory module in the nucleus accumbens for goal-directed navigation

Kanghoon Jung et al.
Nature Neuroscience | September 27, 2024
Spatial memories guide navigation efficiently toward desired destinations. However, the neuronal and circuit mechanisms underlying the encoding of goal locations and its translation into goal-directed navigation remain...

A line attractor encoding a persistent internal state requires neuropeptide signaling

George Mountoufaris et al.
Cell | August 26, 2024
Internal states drive survival behaviors, but their neural implementation is poorly understood. Recently, we identified a line attractor in the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) that represents a state of aggressiveness....

Egocentric neural representation of geometric vertex in the retrosplenial cortex

Kyerl Park et al.
Nature Communications | August 21, 2024
Egocentric neural representations of environmental features, such as edges and vertices, are important for constructing a geometrically detailed egocentric cognitive map for goal-directed navigation and episodic memory....

Negative feedback control of hypothalamic feeding circuits by the taste of food

Tara J. Aitken et al.
Neuron | August 16, 2024
The rewarding taste of food is critical for motivating animals to eat, but whether taste has a parallel function in promoting meal termination is not well understood. Here, we show that hunger-promoting agouti-related...

Divergent Recruitment of Developmentally-Defined Neuronal Ensembles Supports Memory Dynamics

Vilde A. Kveim et al.
Science | August 16, 2024
Memories are dynamic constructs whose properties change with time and experience. The biological mechanisms underpinning these dynamics remain elusive, particularly concerning how shifts in the composition of...

Genetically- and spatially-defined basolateral amygdala neurons control food consumption and social interaction

Hansol Lim et al.
Nature Communications | August 11, 2024
The basolateral amygdala (BLA) contains discrete neuronal circuits that integrate positive or negative emotional information and drive the appropriate innate and learned behaviors. Whether these circuits consist of...

Gustatory Thalamic Neurons Mediate Aversive Behaviors

Feng Cao et al.
bioRxiv | July 30, 2024
The parvicellular part of the ventral posteromedial nucleus (VPMpc) of the thalamus, also known as the gustatory thalamus, receives input from the parabrachial nucleus and relays taste sensation to the gustatory (or...

Population-level coding of avoidance learning in medial prefrontal cortex

Benjamin Ehret et al.
Nature Neuroscience | July 29, 2024
The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) has been proposed to link sensory inputs and behavioral outputs to mediate the execution of learned behaviors. However, how such a link is implemented has remained unclear. To measure...

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